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The Physical Security Professional Exam certification exam covers a wide range of topics, including threat assessment, risk management, physical security systems, and emergency management. ASIS-PSP exam is designed to test the knowledge and skills of security professionals in these areas, ensuring that they have a comprehensive understanding of physical security concepts and practices.
To prepare for the ASIS-PSP exam, candidates typically engage in a combination of self-study, classroom instruction, and hands-on experience. There are a variety of study materials available, including textbooks, online courses, and practice exams. It is also recommended that candidates attend ASIS-sponsored training courses, which provide in-depth instruction on key topics and allow for networking with other professionals in the field.
NEW QUESTION # 119
The FIRST step in the Enterprise Security Risk Management (ESRM) process is to:
- A. Identify risk mitigation measures
- B. Understand the context
- C. Conduct a risk assessment
- D. Identify asset values
Answer: B
Explanation:
The first step in the Enterprise Security Risk Management (ESRM) process is to understand the context of the organization-its mission, assets, stakeholders, regulatory environment, and strategic goals. This foundational knowledge frames all future risk assessments and mitigation planning.
A, C, and D are steps that follow contextual understanding.
References:
PSP Study Guide - ESRM Framework and Methodology
POA Manual - Risk Management Process and ESRM Integration
NEW QUESTION # 120
A change review board generally consists of:
- A. A project manager, an architect, and contractors
- B. Representatives from each of the project's primary partners
- C. A program manager, a customer representative, and local officials
- D. Representatives from manufacturers and subcontractors
Answer: B
Explanation:
A Change Review Board (CRB) is typically composed of key stakeholders representing the major interests involved in a project-engineering, operations, security, IT, procurement, and other relevant departments.
This cross-functional group ensures that proposed changes are reviewed, justified, and approved collaboratively.
A, C, and D list some roles, but they don't fully represent the project's key partners in a typical governance model.
References:
PSP Study Guide - Project Management and Governance
POA Manual - Change Control and Implementation Oversight
NEW QUESTION # 121
WANs also allow multiple computers to share the same communication line, as is possible with LANs.
- A. False
- B. True
Answer: B
Explanation:
Wide Area Networks (WANs), like LANs, allow multiple devices to share communication lines. In WANs, technologies such as packet switching, virtual circuits, and multiplexing are used to let multiple users communicate over shared infrastructure. This is essential for scalability and efficiency across geographically dispersed locations.
References:
PSP Study Guide - Network Structures: LANs vs. WANs
ASIS POA Manual - Telecommunications in Security Systems
NEW QUESTION # 122
The operations that are 'in-house', or controlled entirely by the company establishing security for its operations is called:
- A. Staffing operations
- B. Control operations
- C. Contract security operations
- D. Proprietary security operations
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 123
For typical CCTV surveillance, which of the following common surfaces has the lowest reflectance?
- A. Dry, sandy soil
- B. A snow-covered field
- C. Asphalt
- D. A red brick building
Answer: C
Explanation:
Among the listed options, asphalt has the lowest reflectance. CCTV performance depends on lighting and surface reflectivity.
Snow (A) has very high reflectance, sometimes exceeding 80%.
Sandy soil (B) and red bricks (D) reflect more light than asphalt.
Asphalt, being dark and non-reflective, absorbs more light, making it harder for cameras to capture detail unless well illuminated.
References:
PSP Study Guide - CCTV and Lighting Integration
POA Manual - Surveillance System Design
NEW QUESTION # 124
Which of the following is the FIRST step in completing a risk analysis?
- A. Determining the costs of risks
- B. Selecting countermeasures
- C. Conducting vulnerability assessments
- D. Recognizing threats
Answer: D
Explanation:
The first step in a risk analysis is to identify or recognize potential threats. Before assessing vulnerabilities or selecting countermeasures, a security practitioner must know what they are defending against. This forms the foundation for the rest of the risk assessment process.
A (Selecting countermeasures) is done after analyzing risks.
B (Vulnerability assessment) follows threat identification.
C (Determining costs) happens later in the risk evaluation phase.
References:
PSP Study Guide - Risk Assessment Process
POA Manual - Threat Identification and Risk Analysis Framework
NEW QUESTION # 125
To deal with the lack of security, both government organizations have developed guidelines for protecting electric facilities and distribution systems. On the private side, the Edison Electric Institute developed guidelines that have been passed on to the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC), the U.S.
Department of Energy's coordinator for the U.S. electrical infrastructure. Among other things the guide lines cover:
- A. Cyber scenario
- B. Vulnerability/risk analysis
- C. Emergency detection
- D. Threat response
Answer: B,D
NEW QUESTION # 126
The number of security personnel required is generally inversely proportional to the size of the facility, expressed both in terms of square footage or acreage and the number of employees involved.
- A. False
- B. True
Answer: A
Explanation:
The number of security personnel required is typically directly proportional to the size and complexity of a facility, not inversely. Larger facilities or those with more employees often require more security staff to ensure adequate coverage, surveillance, access control, and emergency response. Factors influencing personnel needs include square footage, asset value, location, threat level, and operational hours.
The statement in the question is incorrect, making the correct answer "False." References:
ASIS POA Manual - Security Staffing Considerations
PSP Study Guide - Determining Manpower and Coverage Needs
NEW QUESTION # 127
After completing a thorough risk analysis, company personnel decide to manage risks by removing them from the company and paying for protection by purchasing an insurance policy. This form of risk management is known as risk:
- A. Reduction
- B. Transfer
- C. Avoidance
- D. Spreading
Answer: B
Explanation:
Risk transfer involves shifting the financial impact of a risk to a third party, such as through an insurance policy. By purchasing insurance, the organization transfers the monetary burden of certain events (e.g., theft, damage, liability) to the insurer.
A (Avoidance) means eliminating the risk entirely.
C (Reduction) involves lowering the likelihood or impact.
D (Spreading) divides the risk among multiple entities, not full transfer.
References:
PSP Study Guide - Risk Management Strategies
POA Manual - Insurance and Risk Transfer Models
NEW QUESTION # 128
Administrative workload is substantially decreased when which service is employed?
- A. Union
- B. Proprietary
- C. Contract
- D. Security
Answer: C
Explanation:
When an organization employs contract security services, the administrative workload related to hiring, payroll, training, and scheduling shifts to the service provider. This is a significant benefit for companies looking to reduce internal administrative burdens and focus on core operations.
Proprietary (C) systems require the organization to manage all aspects of employment.
Union (A) and Security (B) are unrelated to the comparison of administrative workload between contract and proprietary services.
References:
ASIS International POA Manual - Security Personnel Management
PSP Study Guide - Contract vs. Proprietary Models
NEW QUESTION # 129
Decentralizing a procedure or operation so that a security or safety problem at one location will not cause a complete loss is called:
- A. Risk protection
- B. Risk diffusion
- C. Risk production
- D. Risk spreading
Answer: D
Explanation:
Risk spreading refers to decentralizing operations or distributing assets so that if one site or operation is compromised, the entire organization isn't paralyzed. For example, backing up data across multiple locations ensures that the loss of one system doesn't cause total data loss.
References from PSP: Risk Management Techniques - ASIS POA; PSP Certification Guide - Business Resilience Measures
NEW QUESTION # 130
The process of ensuring that the information is not manipulated in an unauthorized way or corrupted, thus diminishing its value and utility to the organization is called:
- A. Analysis
- B. Integrity
- C. Availability
- D. Security
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 131
A system that is independently owned and operated by an alarm company is known as:
- A. Alarm system
- B. Warning system
- C. Main system
- D. Central station system
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 132
Who developed Ethernet?
- A. Microsoft
- B. Xeror Corporation
- C. IBM
- D. None of the above
Answer: B
Explanation:
Ethernet was developed in the early 1970s by Robert Metcalfe and his team at Xerox Corporation's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). It became the foundational technology for local area networks (LANs) and remains widely used in networking today.
IBM (B) developed other networking technologies but not Ethernet.
Microsoft (C) is a software company and did not develop Ethernet.
References:
PSP Study Guide - Network Communication Protocols
Historical Overview of Ethernet - IEEE Standard
NEW QUESTION # 133
What implies that the confinement is for personal advantage rather than to bring the plaintiff to court?
- A. Battery
- B. False imprisonment
- C. Confinement
- D. None of the above
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 134
_______ requires that the arrestee be turned over to the authorities as soon as practicable and in any event without unreasonable delay.
- A. Detention
- B. Detain
- C. Threatening loss
- D. Arrest
Answer: D
Explanation:
Arrest refers to the legal act of taking a person into custody. One of the essential legal requirements following an arrest is that the individual must be handed over to law enforcement or judicial authorities without unreasonable delay. This is to protect the constitutional rights of the detainee and avoid unlawful detention.
Detain (B) and Detention (C) refer to temporary restraint without full arrest.
Threatening loss (D) is unrelated.
References:
ASIS POA Manual - Legal Considerations in Security Operations
PSP Study Guide - Arrest and Detention Guidelines
NEW QUESTION # 135
Which of the following is NOT the advantage of proprietary officers?
- A. Quality of personnel
- B. Prestige
- C. Impartiality
- D. Loyalty
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 136
Asset value is determined by which of the following elements?
- A. Criticality, ease of replacement, and some measure of value
- B. Ease of replacement, some measure of value, and original cost
- C. Value, original cost, and criticality
- D. Original cost, criticality, and ease of replacement
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation:
Asset value in physical security is determined not just by its original purchase cost, but by:
Criticality: How essential the asset is to operations or mission success.
Ease of Replacement: Difficulty or time involved in replacing the asset.
Some Measure of Value: This may include financial worth, proprietary importance, or symbolic significance.
This broader view reflects operational risk more accurately than financial cost alone.
A, B, and C mention components but do not include all three core elements correctly.
References:
PSP Study Guide - Asset Valuation
POA Manual - Determining Asset Criticality and Value
NEW QUESTION # 137
A hybrid system is a combination of:
- A. Standard & Security acts
- B. Security consultants & services
- C. Proprietary & Contract security
- D. Security & Control
Answer: C
Explanation:
A hybrid security system combines both proprietary (in-house) and contract security personnel. This model is used by organizations that want to retain control over some security functions while outsourcing others to reduce costs or gain specialized capabilities. For example, an organization may employ proprietary officers for critical access control but use contract guards for patrolling or monitoring.
References:
ASIS PSP Study Guide - Domain 3
Protection of Assets Manual - Security Personnel Structures
NEW QUESTION # 138
A civil action based on the principle that one individual can expect certain behavior from another individual is known as:
- A. Reassembly
- B. Tort
- C. Procurement
- D. Transitivity
Answer: B
Explanation:
A tort is a civil wrong for which a remedy may be obtained in the form of damages. It is based on the idea that individuals owe certain duties to others and can be held liable when they breach those duties, resulting in harm or injury.
Transitivity (A), Reassembly (C), and Procurement (D) are not related to civil legal liability.
References:
ASIS International - Civil Law and Torts
PSP Study Guide - Legal Principles of Civil Liability
NEW QUESTION # 139
A series of menus from which a person can access virtually any type of textual information is known as:
- A. Symantec
- B. Consortium
- C. Gophers
- D. Hyper-text based tool
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 140
What involves walking or riding a given route to observe the condition of the facility?
- A. Reserves
- B. Posts
- C. Patrol duty
- D. None of the above
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 141
The relationship between the two groups continues to be strained because of which key issue?
- A. Provision of services in borderline of responsibility
- B. Perceived competition
- C. Moonlight policies for public police
- D. All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation:
The relationship between public law enforcement and private security has historically faced strain due to several key issues:
Perceived competition (A): Concerns over overlapping roles and professional rivalry.
Borderline responsibilities (B): Unclear jurisdiction or operational boundaries can lead to friction.
Moonlighting policies (C): Concerns about law enforcement officers working off-duty in private roles may create conflicts of interest.
All of these issues contribute to the strained relationship.
References:
ASIS PSP Study Guide - Public vs. Private Security Roles
POA Manual - Cooperation and Coordination in Security
NEW QUESTION # 142
The three keys to a successful contact are:
- A. accessibility, reviews and resource management
- B. accessibility, meetings and performance
- C. measurement, meetings and resource management
- D. accessibility, meetings and resource management
Answer: D
Explanation:
The three keys to a successful contract or partnership in the context of security management are:
Accessibility: Open communication and availability between parties.
Meetings: Regular reviews and check-ins to ensure alignment.
Resource Management: Efficient allocation and use of both personnel and technical resources.
These three elements contribute to maintaining accountability, service quality, and responsiveness between the security provider and client.
References:
ASIS PSP Study Guide - Contract Security Management
POA Manual - Managing Vendor Relationships
NEW QUESTION # 143
In which ingredients are added to the loss prevention function one by one as the need arises, without a comprehensive plan, is called:
- A. Detached security
- B. Independent security
- C. Piecemeal security
- D. Small relative security
Answer: C
Explanation:
Piecemeal security refers to the ad hoc or fragmented implementation of security measures without an overarching strategic plan. Security elements are added reactively, often after an incident or perceived risk, rather than being guided by a coordinated risk assessment. This results in inconsistent, sometimes redundant or ineffective protection efforts, leaving gaps in security coverage.
References from PSP: ASIS POA - Strategic Security Planning; PSP Study Manual - Program Design Principles
NEW QUESTION # 144
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ASIS-PSP certification exam is an essential certification for professionals working in the field of physical security. It is a comprehensive assessment that covers a broad range of topics related to physical security, and it is highly valued by employers in the industry. Individuals who hold the certification are viewed as leaders within their organizations and have access to a wide range of resources and networking opportunities. The ASIS-PSP certification is a mark of excellence and a testament to an individual's expertise and professionalism in the field.
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